Go hand in hand and the four treasures of Chinese characters has been 1700 years, and both carry the Chinese culture, but also one of the most symbolic elements of China. We can not seeing this "national treasure" weak.
- Jiang Kun
Pen, ink, paper and ink stone, in traditional Chinese culture, because of financial Chinese painting, calligraphy, sculpture arts, culture, decorated as one of the characteristics of Chinese culture of the "treasure", collectively referred to as the "four treasures." The impact of modern civilization, the "four treasures" is experiencing unprecedented challenges. In order to rescue the ancient Chinese treasures, Education, Science and Sports Committee of the CPPCC National Committee to "promote the development of China's cultural industry - four treasures of the past, present and future" as a key thematic research project this summer and last June, went to members of cultural groups Anhui, Zhejiang and other places in-depth research.
Challenge the traditional craft and modern market crash
According to research, "four treasures" in the name comes from Northern and Southern Dynasties. Since the Song Dynasty, the "four treasures" refers specifically to the lake pen (Huzhou), Hui ink (Huizhou in Anhui Province), rice paper (Anhui Xuanzhou), Duan (Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, called Duanzhou).
Research group noted that although the production of various industries in China are rapidly modernized, ink, paper and ink production techniques are basically the traditional manual method. In Xuanzhou see rice paper production process to go through 108, will only deal with raw Pteroceltis triple-distilled four wash the skin, but also through the sun and rain, bamboo leather whip, beat, last year. Among them, the fishing of paper work all day long soak your hands in water, physical exertion; and drying the paper work is being perennial in the high-temperature operation.
Research group also noted that, despite consuming so much strength and energy, but the market is not ideal. In addition to rice paper, the ink Yan production were tested declining trend. In Huzhou, operating the largest product pen Zhuang Wang, 2009 Lake Pen 250,000 sales, sales 7.05 million yuan, profit 80 million yuan. Large-scale production of shanlian Lake pen factory with annual output of brush 555 000, sales of $ 3.4 million profit of $ 110,000. Yan, were the ancients as the "four treasures of the first", now Inkstone production, basically relying on the few good workers to maintain. Original ink production, old, difficult to expand the size of the market is smaller.
Challenges of industrial development and Houjifaren collision
Gripping is that, as ink, paper and ink production in the general wage level of workers is lower than other industries, practitioners increasingly scarce, Houjifaren. The early 1990s, only a region of Huzhou shanlian pens have more than 2,000 practitioners, and by 2009, the Huzhou region of only 499 practitioners.
Unfortunately, some of the key processes of the technical staff in the past 10 years are unable to recruit people, only employing retirees. One of the high-end skills, such as Hui ink ink mode, Yan Hui carvings, are part of the intangible cultural heritage in the core, some are well-known tradition of people locked up. These high-end talent has been fully presented the aging trend, a direct impact on the transmission of these non-material cultural heritage.
Challenge the traditional clash of writing and writing computer
Examine the "four treasures" by the rise and fall of history, known primarily for writing method again and again in modern times has experienced profound changes.
"Four treasures" in the face of the first modern impact of a pencil, pen, pen and other hard brush calligraphy popularity.
The second impact is the promotion of mechanical typewriters.
The third impact is the greatest impact, is the moment computers and mobile phones and other digital writing tools widely used.
Today, the "four treasures" of the market to be due to a sharp decline, is the digital age has brought revolution in the way of writing, the "four treasures" from the original height of popularity into the paintings are now very few people special. In particular, ink and ink stone, the painter has been widely used in finished ink, which seems to have become collectibles.
This modern civilization and traditional clash between civilizations, obviously can not use the side right or wrong, what is good or bad this dualistic way of thinking to analyze or judge.
Responses cited new branch Millennium trees
How to promote the "four treasures" of development? This is the research group "treasure-hunting" purposes.
There is such a thing inspired us during the World Expo in Shanghai, Huzhou Duke pen store development and production of a variety of Expo Memorial brush, not only expanded the market, but also promoted industrial upgrading.
The "four treasures" of both the traditional cultural patterns of inheritance, protection, promotion, development issues, but also the traditional cultural resources, cultural accumulation into a modern industrial elements into the issue of cultural creativity.
In the CPPCC National Committee vice chairman, led by Zheng, edge research and thought the members. They suggested, should be "four treasures" from the original manufacturer to light their overall corporate culture, lower taxes, increase in other policies. The existing "four treasures" production corporate tax rate from 17% to 3% or less. Encourage businesses and individuals to donate to support and protect traditional cultural industries, increase the intensity of this donated by tax incentives, should enjoy the charitable donations tax deductible taxable income of 30% -40%. At the same time, as soon as possible "cultural industries Promotion Act" in order to determine the legal form of national protection and development of traditional cultural industries of the basic support policies, culminating in a set of effective protection and development of traditional cultural industries, legal and policy system.
Response treasure to "possession" but also to "use"
Through unremitting efforts, China ink, paper and ink to the UNESCO declared world-class "non-material cultural heritage", has "rice paper making art," appeared in the "Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage." "Lake Pen making skills," "Vision pen making skills", "Hui ink production skills," "rice paper", "bamboo paper making art," "Yan in production techniques," "Inkstone" have been selected for national intangible cultural heritage directory.
However, the research group's voice heard more strongly is: Po to "possession" but also to "use" so "four treasures" into our lives. Therefore, they proposed a series of recommendations, first and foremost is to expand the study of calligraphy, calligraphy into primary and secondary school classroom to promote, promote the Chinese culture, the protection of traditional cultural industries. Zheng Vice President in the research, affectionately recalled his experience from primary school calligraphy: "We must unswervingly push forward calligraphy into the classroom. Students practiced calligraphy, you know how a written Chinese characters, will be able to feel the beauty of Chinese characters and pride. practicing calligraphy for improving the overall quality of traditional Chinese culture and heritage is absolutely necessary. entrance calligraphy knowledge can be a little problem, accounting for two-point problem can be enthusiasm. "
The good news is that the "four treasures of the past, present and future topics for the research report" The State Council attaches great importance to the leadership, made important instructions.
March 27, 2011, the first domestic protection, inheritance and development of pen, ink, paper and ink stone traditional process of "four treasures of the Development Fund" set up in Beijing. The Fund established the "four treasures of Chinese culture Park" received the first batch of students. Responsible member of the CPPCC National Committee of the Fund, Secretary-General Jiang Kun, Chinese Literature and Arts Foundation, said: "Four Treasures has a brilliant yesterday, today, must have a wonderful and brilliant tomorrow." (The reporter Ni Xun)
● Data Links
■ pen pen Lake 2008 100,000 production capacity of more than 11 enterprises, accounting for the entire lake pen manufacturers of 20.34% and 56.58% of total output. 2009 Lake pen Huzhou production companies and individual business households 58, 499 practitioners, production pen 4.433 million on sales of 8.15 million yuan.
Vision pen Xuanzhou Anhui Jing County and more than 30 enterprises and some hand-workshops, the annual output of more than 500 million units. Pen production is declining.
■ ink manufacturer in Anhui has 25, and some hand-workshop, more than 700 practitioners, annual output of 200 tons of ingots ink, ink 1,000 tons, annual output value of just over 4,000 yuan.
■ Anhui Xuan paper production, as of 2009, more than 250 processing enterprises, 950 tons annual output of rice paper, calligraphy paper, 5000 tons, with annual sales of 300 million yuan, profits and taxes 50 million yuan, nearly 500 export million, reaching a record high. Jing County is one of the largest handmade paper production and processing base in China Xuan Paper Group, the industry's sales accounted for more than 80%, is the "four treasures" the industry's largest manufacturers.
Zhejiang Longyou rice paper practitioners less than 100 people with 2009 sales of 10.76 million yuan. Fuyang bamboo paper mill in 2009 output 5.5 million.
■ Yan Inkstone 214 enterprises and workshops, practitioners 4380 people, 980 Articles annual production, annual production value of about 1.5 million. In addition to Inkstone addition, there are Suzhou of Anhui Huainan music inkstone and, of Zijin Shou Yan and so on.
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